![]() ![]() The uptake of these apps has remained low throughout the COVID-19 pandemic while numbers of downloads are not typically publicly available, an analysis by the Associated Press released in December 2020 estimated approximately 1 in 14 people had downloaded apps in states an app was available. ![]() Over the course of the pandemic, several states launched Exposure Notification Apps, with the vast majority engaging with the ENS technology created by Google and Apple. Individual states determined what their apps looked like and what functions they included, as well as the parameters for what was considered a close contact (e.g., 15 minutes of exposure at 6 feet or less). This API was provided to state departments of health, who could then develop apps for the citizens of their state. This was meant both to alleviate the pressure on traditional contact tracing efforts, as well as counteract situations traditional contact tracing cannot work, i.e., when contacts are unknown to a case. The API was structured so keys would be exchanged when phones, each with the app installed, were in close contact the goal was to be able to provide exposure notifications if a close contact later tested positive for COVID-19. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, Google and Apple collaborated to launch an Exposure Notification System (ENS), which utilized an Application Programming Interface (API) allowing smartphones to share encrypted, anonymous keys between devices using Bluetooth technology. ![]()
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